問 我是(shi)一(yi)名大四(si)的學生，馬上就要開始張羅著找工作(zuo)了(le)，想了(le)解一(yi)些法律知識，《勞動法》規(gui)定用人單(dan)位有哪些權利(li)？

答 (1)依法(fa)建立和完善規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。依法(fa)建立和完善規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)源于用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)享(xiang)(xiang)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)指揮權(quan)，既然用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)享(xiang)(xiang)有(you)生產(chan)指揮權(quan)，所有(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)權(quan)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)本單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)情(qing)(qing)況，在(zai)符合(he)(he)(he)(he)國家法(fa)律(lv)、法(fa)規(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)下制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)各項規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，要(yao)求(qiu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)遵守。 (2)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)實際(ji)情(qing)(qing)況制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)定(ding)(ding)額的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)幫勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)簽訂(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)后，就獲得(de)了(le)一定(ding)(ding)范(fan)圍勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)權(quan)，并有(you)權(quan)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)實際(ji)情(qing)(qing)況給勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)定(ding)(ding)額。對于用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)定(ding)(ding)額，在(zai)沒有(you)出現特殊情(qing)(qing)況時(shi)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)應當(dang)予以完成。 (3)對勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)進行(xing)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技能(neng)考(kao)核(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)權(quan)對勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)進行(xing)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技能(neng)考(kao)核(he)，并根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)技能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)考(kao)核(he)結果安(an)排其(qi)適合(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)崗(gang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和獎金薪酬。 (4)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)安(an)全操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)法(fa)上勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)安(an)全衛(wei)生標準，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)本單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保護(hu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，要(yao)求(qiu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中必(bi)(bi)(bi)須(xu)嚴格遵守操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)程。 (5)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)法(fa)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)息時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)享(xiang)(xiang)有(you)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)本單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)具(ju)體情(qing)(qing)況和對員工工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)法(fa)安(an)排勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)息時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。 (6)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律(lv)和職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)道德(de)標準的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。為(wei)了(le)保證(zheng)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)得(de)以正常有(you)序進行(xing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)權(quan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律(lv)和職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)道德(de)標準。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律(lv)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中必(bi)(bi)(bi)須(xu)遵守的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。這是組織社會勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎和必(bi)(bi)(bi)要(yao)條件。職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)道德(de)是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)實踐中形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)共同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)準則，也是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)求(qiu)。當(dang)然，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律(lv)和職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)道德(de)標準必(bi)(bi)(bi)須(xu)符合(he)(he)(he)(he)法(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)。 (7)其(qi)他權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。包括提(ti)(ti)請(qing)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)爭議處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，平等(deng)(deng)簽訂(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)。