問 我剛(gang)剛(gang)進(jin)入職(zhi)場，現在想了解一(yi)下(xia)，請問(wen)什么情況下(xia)可以約(yue)定由(you)勞動者承(cheng)擔違約(yue)金？

答 首先是在培(pei)訓服(fu)務期(qi)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)中(zhong)(zhong)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)違(wei)約(yue)(yue)(yue)金(jin)。勞(lao)動者違(wei)反服(fu)務期(qi)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)的，應當按(an)照約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)向用(yong)人單(dan)(dan)位支付違(wei)約(yue)(yue)(yue)金(jin)。違(wei)約(yue)(yue)(yue)金(jin)的數額不(bu)得超過用(yong)人單(dan)(dan)位提供的培(pei)訓費用(yong)。其次是在競(jing)業限(xian)制約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)中(zhong)(zhong)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)違(wei)約(yue)(yue)(yue)金(jin)。用(yong)人單(dan)(dan)位與(yu)勞(lao)動者可以在勞(lao)動合同中(zhong)(zhong)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)保守用(yong)人單(dan)(dan)位的商業秘密和與(yu)知識產權(quan)相(xiang)關的保密事項。