問 我是個職場(chang)新人(ren)，現在(zai)想咨詢一下(xia)，請(qing)問(wen)勞(lao)動關系和勞(lao)務關系的本(ben)質區(qu)別是什(shen)么？

答 首先主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)不同(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)不能同(tong)時都(dou)是(shi)(shi)自然(ran)人，也不能同(tong)時都(dou)是(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人或組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)。也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)說，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)，即(ji)(ji)用人單位(wei)，只能是(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人或組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)，另(ling)一方(fang)則必(bi)須是(shi)(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者個(ge)人；而勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)雙方(fang)當事(shi)人可以同(tong)時都(dou)是(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人、組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)、公(gong)民，也可以是(shi)(shi)公(gong)民與(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人、組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)性(xing)質及關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)不同(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)之間(jian)除(chu)存(cun)在經濟關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)外，還(huan)存(cun)在行(xing)(xing)政隸屬(shu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，即(ji)(ji)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者要接受(shou)用人單位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理，遵守其(qi)規(gui)(gui)(gui)章(zhang)制度等(deng)。而勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)之間(jian)只存(cun)在經濟關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，即(ji)(ji)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者提供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，用人單位(wei)支付勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)報酬，彼此之間(jian)不存(cun)在行(xing)(xing)政隸屬(shu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)地位(wei)平等(deng)；適用的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)不同(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)適用《勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》和《勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》等(deng)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)、法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)(guan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定；而勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)則適用《民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)通則》、《合(he)同(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》等(deng)民事(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)、法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定。其(qi)次勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)待遇(yu)不同(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者除(chu)獲得(de)工(gong)(gong)資報酬外，還(huan)有保險(xian)、福利待遇(yu)、參與(yu)(yu)單位(wei)管(guan)理等(deng)；而勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)人，一般只獲得(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)報酬，沒有保險(xian)、福利待遇(yu)等(deng)。最后(hou)施工(gong)(gong)名義以及責(ze)任(ren)承(cheng)擔不同(tong)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者以用人單位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)名義工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，其(qi)提供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)為屬(shu)于職務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)(xing)為，由用人單位(wei)承(cheng)擔法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)責(ze)任(ren)；而勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)提供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一方(fang)以自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)名義從事(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活動(dong)(dong)(dong)，獨(du)立承(cheng)擔法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)責(ze)任(ren)。