曾幾(ji)(ji)何(he)時,學(xue)歷(li)(li)無(wu)用論(lun)充(chong)斥著這個(ge)社(she)會,辛辛苦(ku)苦(ku)讀書幾(ji)(ji)十年,結果畢業(ye)就(jiu)宣(xuan)告失業(ye),根本(ben)找(zhao)(zhao)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)工作,即便勉強找(zhao)(zhao)到(dao)了(le)工作,一(yi)個(ge)月(yue)下來工資幾(ji)(ji)千(qian),除了(le)交房租水(shui)電(dian)費(fei),根本(ben)剩(sheng)不(bu)(bu)下幾(ji)(ji)個(ge),還沒有民工能賺錢養家(jia)呢……時至今日,諸如此類的(de)例子仍時時在網(wang)上看到(dao),什么清(qing)華北(bei)大畢業(ye)的(de)賣豬肉,什么碩士畢業(ye)找(zhao)(zhao)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)工作老(lao)父憤而自殺(sha)。學(xue)歷(li)(li)真的(de)無(wu)用嗎(ma)?山東本(ben)土招聘網(wang)站——齊(qi)魯人(ren)才網(wang)抽取(qu)350萬不(bu)(bu)同學(xue)歷(li)(li)層次(ci)求職(zhi)者及120萬家(jia)會員單(dan)位招聘簡章,發布不(bu)(bu)同學(xue)歷(li)(li)層次(ci)人(ren)群就(jiu)業(ye)大數據,卻(que)給了(le)我們完全(quan)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)答案(an)!
本科、碩士等高層次人才工資水平甩平均工資好幾條街
如圖(tu)所(suo)示,學(xue)歷(li)(li)層次(ci)決定工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)平在此(ci)番(fan)數據統(tong)計中(zhong)表現的尤為(wei)明顯,以(yi)本科、碩士(shi)(shi)(shi)、博士(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)代表的高(gao)(gao)(gao)層次(ci)人才,平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)遠遠超(chao)過了2018年山(shan)東最(zui)新職工(gong)(gong)(gong)平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)5234元(yuan)。其中(zhong)本科學(xue)歷(li)(li)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)898元(yuan),碩士(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)歷(li)(li)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)2245元(yuan),博士(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)歷(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)省平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的2.7倍。高(gao)(gao)(gao)中(zhong)及以(yi)下學(xue)歷(li)(li)平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)4578元(yuan),低(di)于省平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)656元(yuan);專科(高(gao)(gao)(gao)職)學(xue)歷(li)(li)平均(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)5181元(yuan),雖然低(di)于全省平均(jun)值,但是(shi)只有53元(yuan)的差距(ju)。
山東招聘市場本科學歷需求量大幅上漲 高中及以下學歷需求量下降
對(dui)比2018年(nian)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)最新崗位需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)按學歷(li)(li)(li)分析數(shu)據(ju)及(ji)2017年(nian)第四季度(du)數(shu)據(ju),可以看(kan)出本(ben)科(ke)學歷(li)(li)(li)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)提(ti)升最為(wei)明顯(xian),高(gao)中及(ji)以下學歷(li)(li)(li)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)在(zai)下降,專科(ke)(高(gao)職(zhi))人群(qun)依然是(shi)山(shan)東(dong)就(jiu)業市場的主力軍(jun),這與山(shan)東(dong)高(gao)校(xiao)畢(bi)(bi)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學歷(li)(li)(li)層次占(zhan)比有直接性關(guan)系。據(ju)《2017年(nian)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)大學生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)畢(bi)(bi)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就(jiu)業質量(liang)年(nian)度(du)報告(gao)》數(shu)據(ju)顯(xian)示,山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)2017年(nian)高(gao)校(xiao)畢(bi)(bi)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不同學歷(li)(li)(li)人群(qun)數(shu)及(ji)占(zhan)比,2017屆非師范類高(gao)校(xiao)畢(bi)(bi)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源數(shu)量(liang)按學歷(li)(li)(li)結(jie)構統計,專科(ke)(高(gao)職(zhi))生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)最多,為(wei)31.78萬(wan)人,占(zhan)56.20%;其次是(shi)本(ben)科(ke)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),為(wei)22.73萬(wan)人,占(zhan)40.21%;另外,研究(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)2.03萬(wan)人(其中,博(bo)士研究(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)0.12萬(wan)人,碩士研究(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)1.91萬(wan)人),占(zhan)3.59%。專科(ke)學歷(li)(li)(li)人群(qun)如此龐大,哪些(xie)地市的需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)可以滿(man)足他們的就(jiu)業呢?
產業升級加速 高中及以下求職者面臨“失業”危機
如圖所(suo)示,高中及以下(xia)(xia)學歷需求(qiu)量(liang)在(zai)山東17地市(shi)呈現下(xia)(xia)降趨勢或小幅(fu)度上漲(zhang),但是專(zhuan)科(高職)學歷需求(qiu)量(liang)則全部為上漲(zhang)趨勢。其中漲(zhang)幅(fu)最多是濰坊地區,達到(dao)了111.08%,東營、濟寧排(pai)在(zai)第二三位。
隨著(zhu)互聯(lian)網+工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)以(yi)及新(xin)舊動(dong)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換等時代背景,引發的產(chan)業(ye)(ye)升級越來(lai)越深(shen)入化,傳統行業(ye)(ye)面臨著(zhu)從勞(lao)動(dong)密(mi)集型(xing)向人工(gong)(gong)(gong)智能(neng)型(xing)生產(chan)的轉(zhuan)型(xing),基(ji)礎操(cao)作(zuo)崗位也從初中(zhong)或高中(zhong)學歷(li)等學歷(li)層次的普(pu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)迭代為懂計算機操(cao)作(zuo)、專業(ye)(ye)技能(neng)強(qiang)的技工(gong)(gong)(gong)型(xing)人才經過專業(ye)(ye)學習的大(da)專畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)生成了優質的人選。所以(yi)以(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)及制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)為支柱(zhu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的濰(wei)坊、濟(ji)寧、東營(ying)等地市(shi)專科人員需求提升也就不足為怪(guai)。
高學歷層次人員就業機會多 想跳就跳
如圖所示(shi),2018年山東職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)最(zui)新平(ping)均跳(tiao)(tiao)槽周(zhou)期為3.11年,對比(bi)各學(xue)歷(li)(li)層次(ci)跳(tiao)(tiao)槽周(zhou)期可(ke)以看(kan)出,高中(zhong)及以下學(xue)歷(li)(li)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)最(zui)穩(wen)(wen)定,跳(tiao)(tiao)槽周(zhou)期為5.1年;專科(高職(zhi))學(xue)歷(li)(li)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為4.06年,排在第(di)二位(wei);本科學(xue)歷(li)(li)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為3.09年,而碩士僅有2.69年。跳(tiao)(tiao)槽周(zhou)期反應出的是(shi)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)穩(wen)(wen)定性與否的數據,但是(shi)從另一(yi)個(ge)側面可(ke)以看(kan)出高學(xue)歷(li)(li)層次(ci)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的選擇機(ji)會(hui)更多,給他們跳(tiao)(tiao)槽創造了(le)客(ke)觀條件。
學(xue)(xue)歷(li)是敲門(men)磚(zhuan),用人(ren)單位很(hen)實際,在海量的(de)(de)簡歷(li)中,不會(hui)逐一去看,只會(hui)通過電(dian)腦自動篩選,篩掉大專(zhuan)以下學(xue)(xue)歷(li),讓你(ni)連面試的(de)(de)機(ji)會(hui)都沒有。也(ye)(ye)許你(ni)很(hen)有能力,但是沒有學(xue)(xue)歷(li),你(ni)的(de)(de)簡歷(li)甚至不可能被HR搜索(suo)到。在工作(zuo)經驗相(xiang)同(tong),待遇相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)情況下,用人(ren)單位必然會(hui)選擇高學(xue)(xue)歷(li)的(de)(de)求職者。真正(zheng)擁有高學(xue)(xue)歷(li)的(de)(de)人(ren),接受的(de)(de)教育知識更多,視野(ye)更開闊,其世界觀、人(ren)生觀、價(jia)值觀會(hui)隨著知識的(de)(de)積累而不斷升(sheng)華(hua),表現出來的(de)(de)綜(zong)合素質也(ye)(ye)會(hui)比低(di)學(xue)(xue)歷(li)者要高,所以高學(xue)(xue)歷(li)層次員工晉升(sheng)更容易也(ye)(ye)是順理成(cheng)章(zhang)。
山東搶人大戰如火如荼 但基本沒有低學歷人群什么事
2018年(nian)初(chu),山東17地市(shi)一(yi)(yi)場波瀾壯闊的“搶(qiang)人(ren)大(da)戰”在2018年(nian)初(chu)全面(mian)爆發,“城(cheng)美、錢多、速來”,落戶(hu)零門檻、工作(zuo)生(sheng)活(huo)補(bu)(bu)助、租(zu)(zu)房買房補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)等成了(le)“搶(qiang)人(ren)”標(biao)配,綜合(he)租(zu)(zu)房補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)、購房補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)、落戶(hu)等優(you)惠(hui)可以(yi)看(kan)出,此番17地市(shi)“搶(qiang)人(ren)”重(zhong)點(dian)都(dou)放在了(le)高(gao)層次(ci)(ci)學(xue)(xue)歷(li)人(ren)群身上(shang)。比如(ru)濟南3月(yue)份(fen)出臺的“人(ren)才(cai)新政(zheng)30條”提出,對(dui)企業(ye)(ye)新引進的博(bo)士(shi)、碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)研究生(sheng),分別(bie)按(an)照每(mei)月(yue)1500元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、1000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的標(biao)準連續發放三年(nian)租(zu)(zu)房補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie);青島則將租(zu)(zu)房補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)標(biao)準提高(gao)至(zhi)碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)每(mei)月(yue)800元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、博(bo)士(shi)每(mei)月(yue)1200元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),其中緊缺(que)專業(ye)(ye)碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)每(mei)月(yue)1200元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、緊缺(que)專業(ye)(ye)博(bo)士(shi)每(mei)月(yue)1500元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan);濰坊“人(ren)才(cai)新政(zheng)20條”把到濰工作(zuo)的博(bo)士(shi)、碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)、本(ben)科(ke)畢業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)每(mei)月(yue)生(sheng)活(huo)補(bu)(bu)助分別(bie)提高(gao)至(zhi)3000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、1500元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、500元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan);臨沂(yi)“人(ren)才(cai)新政(zheng)黃金22條”規定,在臨沂(yi)簽訂(ding)3年(nian)以(yi)上(shang)勞動合(he)同并繳納社保、工作(zuo)滿一(yi)(yi)年(nian)的博(bo)士(shi)、碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)和“雙一(yi)(yi)流”本(ben)科(ke)畢業(ye)(ye)生(sheng),分別(bie)給予每(mei)月(yue)3000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、2000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、1000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)才(cai)津貼(tie)(tie)(tie);濟寧則圍(wei)繞(rao)電(dian)子信息(xi)、能源化工、裝(zhuang)備制造、生(sheng)物醫藥等重(zhong)點(dian)產業(ye)(ye),3年(nian)內給予博(bo)士(shi)每(mei)年(nian)3萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)津貼(tie)(tie)(tie)、碩(shuo)(shuo)士(shi)每(mei)年(nian)1.2萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)津貼(tie)(tie)(tie),本(ben)科(ke)生(sheng)2年(nian)內每(mei)年(nian)5000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)津貼(tie)(tie)(tie)……一(yi)(yi)句話總結,租(zu)(zu)房補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)、購房補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)、落戶(hu)等優(you)惠(hui)待遇,基(ji)本(ben)沒(mei)有(you)低學(xue)(xue)歷(li)層次(ci)(ci)人(ren)群什么事。
現(xian)代社會(hui)“學(xue)(xue)歷(li)價值”迎來(lai)了最好的體現(xian)時機(ji),也迎來(lai)了最公平(ping)的競(jing)爭環境。學(xue)(xue)歷(li)和學(xue)(xue)識非(fei)常重(zhong)要的,它(ta)影(ying)響我們的眼界,眼界決定格(ge)局,而格(ge)局影(ying)響人一生。有句被說過(guo)無數遍的話:最怕你一生碌碌無為(wei),還(huan)安慰自己平(ping)凡可(ke)貴,所以(yi)學(xue)(xue)歷(li)無用論者可(ke)以(yi)休(xiu)矣(yi)!
推薦閱讀