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入夏以來，各地氣溫持續(xu)上(shang)升，甚至(zhi)有(you)些(xie)地方高溫橙色、紅色預警信號頻發(fa)。可有(you)些(xie)用人單(dan)位，為了節約用工成本(ben)，對必須發(fa)放的(de)高溫津貼(tie)進行(xing)“偷工減(jian)料”，有(you)些(xie)甚至(zhi)干脆拖延或(huo)拒絕發(fa)放。高溫下辛勤工作的(de)勞(lao)動者(zhe)們，你們的(de)高溫津貼(tie)到手了嗎？

高溫津貼不得計入最低工資

【案例(li)】劉秀(xiu)蘭(lan)等5人于(yu)今年元月與一家公(gong)司簽訂書面勞動合同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，約定每月工(gong)(gong)資(zi)按當(dang)地最(zui)低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)標準(zhun)計(ji)算。入(ru)夏以后，為鼓(gu)勵劉秀(xiu)蘭(lan)等能堅(jian)持在烈日下(xia)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，公(gong)司規定，只要(yao)當(dang)日氣溫(wen)在35℃以上，便可在下(xia)午下(xia)班時(shi)(shi)從(cong)作(zuo)業(ye)組長處領(ling)取(qu)20元高溫(wen)津貼。可當(dang)劉秀(xiu)蘭(lan)等領(ling)取(qu)5月的工(gong)(gong)資(zi)時(shi)(shi)，卻發(fa)現(xian)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)比平時(shi)(shi)少(shao)了(le)100元。原來，此(ci)前劉秀(xiu)蘭(lan)等已經(jing)領(ling)取(qu)的5天(tian)高溫(wen)津貼，已被公(gong)司計(ji)入(ru)她(ta)們(men)的最(zui)低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)之內，并從(cong)中扣除。

【說法(fa)】公司不得將高溫(wen)津(jin)貼計入劉秀(xiu)蘭等人的(de)(de)最(zui)低(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)內(nei)。最(zui)低(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)是指勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)法(fa)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)間或依(yi)法(fa)簽訂的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合同約定(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)間內(nei)提(ti)供(gong)了正常(chang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)前提(ti)下，用(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)依(yi)法(fa)應當(dang)支付(fu)的(de)(de)最(zui)低(di)(di)(di)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)報酬。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)和(he)社會(hui)保(bao)障部制定(ding)并實施的(de)(de)《最(zui)低(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)規(gui)定(ding)》第(di)十(shi)二條規(gui)定(ding)：“在(zai)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)提(ti)供(gong)正常(chang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)情況下，用(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)應支付(fu)給勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)在(zai)剔除下列(lie)各(ge)項以后，不得低(di)(di)(di)于(yu)當(dang)地最(zui)低(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)標準：（一）延長工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)間工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)；（二）中班、夜班、高溫(wen)、低(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)、井下、有毒(du)有害等特殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境(jing)、條件下的(de)(de)津(jin)貼；（三(san)）法(fa)律、法(fa)規(gui)和(he)國家規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)福利待遇等。”從中可以看出，高溫(wen)津(jin)貼并不包括在(zai)最(zui)低(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)標準范圍(wei)內(nei)，而必須由用(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)之(zhi)外另行給付(fu)。

高溫津貼不能年底一并結算

【案例】今年6月(yue)初(chu)，本以為因上(shang)月(yue)有(you)4天(tian)高(gao)溫時(shi)段在室外(wai)工(gong)作，按(an)公(gong)司(si)的(de)承諾可以領取(qu)到(dao)(dao)一筆高(gao)溫津(jin)貼的(de)李銀茹等7人，發現(xian)自己所領報(bao)酬中(zhong)并(bing)沒有(you)該項目，遂(sui)找(zhao)公(gong)司(si)問詢。公(gong)司(si)領導雖(sui)表示一定(ding)會如數支付，但提出由于公(gong)司(si)資(zi)金周轉困難，加上(shang)需(xu)要(yao)領取(qu)高(gao)溫津(jin)貼的(de)員工(gong)不止她(ta)們7人，往(wang)后也還有(you)應當發放高(gao)溫津(jin)貼的(de)時(shi)候，故經公(gong)司(si)研究決定(ding)干脆到(dao)(dao)年底(di)一并(bing)結算(suan)，不再按(an)月(yue)發放。

【說法】公司的做法是錯誤的。鑒于高溫津貼屬于工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的組成(cheng)部分(fen)，而(er)《工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)暫(zan)行(xing)(xing)規(gui)定(ding)》第七條規(gui)定(ding)：“工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)必須在用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位與勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)約定(ding)的日期(qi)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)。”其(qi)第十八(ba)條也(ye)指出：“各級勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)部門有權監(jian)察用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)的情況。用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位有下列侵害(hai)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)合法權益行(xing)(xing)為的，由勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)部門責令(ling)其(qi)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)經濟補(bu)(bu)償，并可責令(ling)其(qi)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)賠償金：（一）克扣或(huo)者(zhe)無(wu)故(gu)(gu)拖(tuo)欠(qian)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的……”而(er)《對〈工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)暫(zan)行(xing)(xing)規(gui)定(ding)〉有關(guan)問題的補(bu)(bu)充規(gui)定(ding)》第三條則規(gui)定(ding)：“《規(gui)定(ding)》第十八(ba)條所稱(cheng)‘無(wu)故(gu)(gu)拖(tuo)欠(qian)’系指用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位無(wu)正當理由超過規(gui)定(ding)付(fu)(fu)薪時間未(wei)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)。”為此(ci)，也(ye)就決定(ding)了如果公司不按期(qi)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)便(bian)構成(cheng)拖(tuo)欠(qian)，李銀茹等(deng)自然可以(yi)通(tong)過相關(guan)途徑維權。

高溫津貼不得以防暑物品沖抵

【案例】今年的(de)立秋雖過(guo)去多天，但趙曉(xiao)薇等(deng)16名勞(lao)動者的(de)工作所在地的(de)氣溫(wen)卻(que)接連保持(chi)在35℃以上(shang)。為了(le)不(bu)因高溫(wen)而(er)耽誤生產，趙曉(xiao)薇所在公司要(yao)求趙曉(xiao)薇等(deng)工人(ren)照常在露天環境下工作，并(bing)提供了(le)充(chong)足的(de)高溫(wen)解(jie)暑(shu)清涼飲料(liao)，發(fa)放(fang)了(le)相應的(de)保健用(yong)品。可月(yue)底趙曉(xiao)薇等(deng)人(ren)領(ling)工資(zi)時卻(que)發(fa)現各自(zi)并(bing)沒有領(ling)到高溫(wen)津(jin)(jin)貼(tie)(tie)。公司的(de)解(jie)釋是其已提供高溫(wen)解(jie)暑(shu)清涼飲料(liao)，發(fa)放(fang)防暑(shu)保健用(yong)品，這些已與高溫(wen)津(jin)(jin)貼(tie)(tie)相互沖抵，趙曉(xiao)薇等(deng)無權再獲(huo)取高溫(wen)津(jin)(jin)貼(tie)(tie)。

【說法(fa)】公司無權以(yi)防(fang)(fang)暑物(wu)品沖抵高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)津貼(tie)(tie)。一(yi)方面，高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)解(jie)暑清涼飲料、保(bao)健用品的開支屬于防(fang)(fang)暑降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)的范疇，而(er)(er)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)津貼(tie)(tie)和防(fang)(fang)暑降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)兩個(ge)不同的概念。防(fang)(fang)暑降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)針對暑期(qi)在(zai)崗的勞(lao)動者發(fa)放，即只要(yao)在(zai)崗就應當人(ren)人(ren)有份，具(ju)體給付(fu)時(shi)間與標準，由有關(guan)部門(men)根據本地對高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)氣(qi)候(hou)的界定來確(que)定，一(yi)般為5－9月間。而(er)(er)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)津貼(tie)(tie)則是(shi)(shi)(shi)針對在(zai)特殊環境下作業(ye)的勞(lao)動者發(fa)放，并非人(ren)人(ren)有份。通常只面向需要(yao)在(zai)室內氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)≥33℃、露天氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)>35℃環境下工(gong)作的人(ren)群。這類人(ren)群除(chu)了有領取(qu)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)津貼(tie)(tie)的權利外，還可以(yi)領取(qu)防(fang)(fang)暑降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)。另一(yi)方面，高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)津貼(tie)(tie)的給予(yu)方式不同于防(fang)(fang)暑降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)。防(fang)(fang)暑降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)可以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)金支付(fu)，也可以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)通過(guo)發(fa)放物(wu)品的形式沖抵，而(er)(er)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)津貼(tie)(tie)只能是(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)金支付(fu)。