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入(ru)夏以來，各地氣溫持(chi)續上升，甚(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)有些地方高(gao)溫橙色、紅色預(yu)警(jing)信號頻發(fa)。可(ke)有些用(yong)人(ren)單位，為了節約用(yong)工(gong)成本，對必須發(fa)放的高(gao)溫津貼(tie)(tie)進(jin)行“偷工(gong)減料”，有些甚(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)干(gan)脆拖延(yan)或拒絕(jue)發(fa)放。高(gao)溫下辛勤工(gong)作的勞動(dong)者們(men)，你們(men)的高(gao)溫津貼(tie)(tie)到手了嗎？

高溫津貼不得計入最低工資

【案例】劉秀蘭等5人于今年元月(yue)與一(yi)家公司(si)(si)簽訂(ding)書面勞動合同(tong)時(shi)，約(yue)定每月(yue)工資按當地(di)最低工資標準(zhun)計算。入夏以后，為鼓勵劉秀蘭等能堅持(chi)在烈日下(xia)工作，公司(si)(si)規定，只要(yao)當日氣溫在35℃以上，便(bian)可在下(xia)午下(xia)班時(shi)從(cong)(cong)作業組(zu)長處(chu)領取20元高溫津(jin)貼(tie)。可當劉秀蘭等領取5月(yue)的工資時(shi)，卻發現(xian)工資比平(ping)時(shi)少(shao)了(le)100元。原來，此前(qian)劉秀蘭等已經(jing)領取的5天高溫津(jin)貼(tie)，已被(bei)公司(si)(si)計入她們的最低工資之內，并從(cong)(cong)中扣除。

【說法(fa)(fa)】公司(si)不(bu)得(de)將高(gao)溫(wen)津(jin)貼計入劉秀蘭等人的(de)(de)(de)最低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)內。最低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)是指勞動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)在法(fa)(fa)定工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)時間(jian)(jian)或(huo)依法(fa)(fa)簽訂的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)(dong)合同約定的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)時間(jian)(jian)內提(ti)供(gong)了正(zheng)常(chang)勞動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)(xia)，用(yong)人單位(wei)依法(fa)(fa)應(ying)(ying)當支付(fu)的(de)(de)(de)最低勞動(dong)(dong)報(bao)酬。勞動(dong)(dong)和社會(hui)保障部制定并(bing)實施的(de)(de)(de)《最低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)規(gui)定》第十二條規(gui)定：“在勞動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)提(ti)供(gong)正(zheng)常(chang)勞動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)(xia)，用(yong)人單位(wei)應(ying)(ying)支付(fu)給勞動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)在剔除下(xia)(xia)列各項以后，不(bu)得(de)低于當地最低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)標準：（一）延長工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)時間(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)；（二）中(zhong)班(ban)、夜班(ban)、高(gao)溫(wen)、低溫(wen)、井(jing)下(xia)(xia)、有毒有害等特殊工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)環境(jing)、條件下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)津(jin)貼；（三）法(fa)(fa)律、法(fa)(fa)規(gui)和國(guo)家規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)福利待遇等。”從中(zhong)可(ke)以看出，高(gao)溫(wen)津(jin)貼并(bing)不(bu)包括在最低工(gong)(gong)資(zi)標準范圍內，而必須由(you)用(yong)人單位(wei)在工(gong)(gong)資(zi)之(zhi)外(wai)另行給付(fu)。

高溫津貼不能年底一并結算

【案例】今(jin)年(nian)6月初，本(ben)以為因(yin)上月有4天(tian)高溫時段在室外(wai)工作，按公司(si)的(de)承諾可以領(ling)取到一筆高溫津(jin)貼的(de)李銀茹(ru)等7人，發(fa)現(xian)自己所領(ling)報酬中并沒有該項(xiang)目，遂找公司(si)問詢。公司(si)領(ling)導雖(sui)表示一定會如(ru)數支付，但提(ti)出由于(yu)公司(si)資金周轉困難，加上需要領(ling)取高溫津(jin)貼的(de)員(yuan)工不止(zhi)她們(men)7人，往后(hou)也還有應(ying)當發(fa)放(fang)(fang)高溫津(jin)貼的(de)時候，故經公司(si)研(yan)究決(jue)定干脆到年(nian)底一并結算，不再按月發(fa)放(fang)(fang)。

【說法】公司的(de)(de)(de)做法是錯(cuo)誤的(de)(de)(de)。鑒(jian)于高溫津貼屬于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)組成部分，而《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)暫(zan)行(xing)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)》第(di)(di)七條規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)：“工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)必須在(zai)用人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)與(yu)勞動者約定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)日期支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)。”其(qi)第(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)八條也指出(chu)：“各級(ji)勞動行(xing)政部門有權監察用人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)情況。用人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)有下列侵害勞動者合(he)法權益行(xing)為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)，由(you)勞動行(xing)政部門責(ze)令其(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)勞動者工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)和(he)經濟補償，并可責(ze)令其(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)賠償金：（一）克扣或者無故拖欠(qian)勞動者工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)……”而《對(dui)〈工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)暫(zan)行(xing)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)〉有關(guan)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)補充規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)》第(di)(di)三條則規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)：“《規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)》第(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)八條所稱‘無故拖欠(qian)’系(xi)指用人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)無正當理由(you)超(chao)過規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)付(fu)(fu)(fu)薪時間未支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)勞動者工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)。”為(wei)此，也就決定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)了如果公司不按期支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)便構成拖欠(qian)，李銀茹等自然(ran)可以通過相關(guan)途(tu)徑維權。

高溫津貼不得以防暑物品沖抵

【案例】今年的(de)立秋雖過(guo)去多天(tian)(tian)，但(dan)趙曉薇(wei)等(deng)16名勞動者的(de)工作(zuo)所(suo)(suo)在地的(de)氣(qi)溫卻接連保(bao)(bao)持在35℃以(yi)上。為了(le)不(bu)因(yin)高(gao)(gao)溫而耽誤生(sheng)產(chan)，趙曉薇(wei)所(suo)(suo)在公司(si)(si)要求趙曉薇(wei)等(deng)工人照常在露(lu)天(tian)(tian)環境下工作(zuo)，并(bing)(bing)提供(gong)了(le)充足的(de)高(gao)(gao)溫解(jie)暑(shu)清(qing)涼飲(yin)料，發(fa)放了(le)相應的(de)保(bao)(bao)健(jian)用品(pin)。可(ke)月底趙曉薇(wei)等(deng)人領工資時卻發(fa)現(xian)各自(zi)并(bing)(bing)沒(mei)有領到高(gao)(gao)溫津貼。公司(si)(si)的(de)解(jie)釋是其(qi)已提供(gong)高(gao)(gao)溫解(jie)暑(shu)清(qing)涼飲(yin)料，發(fa)放防暑(shu)保(bao)(bao)健(jian)用品(pin)，這些已與高(gao)(gao)溫津貼相互沖抵(di)，趙曉薇(wei)等(deng)無權再獲取(qu)高(gao)(gao)溫津貼。

【說法(fa)】公司無權以(yi)(yi)防(fang)暑(shu)(shu)物品沖抵高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)津(jin)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)。一(yi)方(fang)面，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)解暑(shu)(shu)清涼飲料、保健用品的(de)(de)(de)開支(zhi)屬于(yu)防(fang)暑(shu)(shu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)范疇，而(er)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)津(jin)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)和防(fang)暑(shu)(shu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)(fei)是(shi)兩個不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)概念。防(fang)暑(shu)(shu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)(fei)是(shi)針對暑(shu)(shu)期(qi)在崗的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)發(fa)(fa)放(fang)，即只(zhi)(zhi)要在崗就應(ying)當人(ren)人(ren)有(you)份(fen)，具體給付(fu)時間(jian)與標準(zhun)，由(you)有(you)關部門(men)根據(ju)本地對高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氣候的(de)(de)(de)界定(ding)來確定(ding)，一(yi)般為5－9月間(jian)。而(er)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)津(jin)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)則是(shi)針對在特(te)殊環境下(xia)作業的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)發(fa)(fa)放(fang)，并非人(ren)人(ren)有(you)份(fen)。通常只(zhi)(zhi)面向需要在室內氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)≥33℃、露天氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)>35℃環境下(xia)工作的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)群(qun)。這類人(ren)群(qun)除了有(you)領取高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)津(jin)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)的(de)(de)(de)權利外，還可以(yi)(yi)領取防(fang)暑(shu)(shu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)(fei)。另一(yi)方(fang)面，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)津(jin)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)的(de)(de)(de)給予(yu)方(fang)式不同(tong)于(yu)防(fang)暑(shu)(shu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)(fei)。防(fang)暑(shu)(shu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)費(fei)(fei)可以(yi)(yi)是(shi)現(xian)金支(zhi)付(fu)，也可以(yi)(yi)是(shi)通過(guo)發(fa)(fa)放(fang)物品的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式沖抵，而(er)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)津(jin)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)只(zhi)(zhi)能是(shi)現(xian)金支(zhi)付(fu)。