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為了解農民工就業情況，國家統計局煙臺(tai)調查(cha)隊(dui)對部分(fen)農村家庭進行了調查(cha)，調查(cha)數(shu)據(ju)顯示(shi)，三季度煙臺(tai)農民工就(jiu)(jiu)業形勢總體(ti)平穩，與去(qu)年(nian)同(tong)期相比(bi)，收入水平穩步增長，農村勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)呈現由本地就(jiu)(jiu)業向(xiang)外出就(jiu)(jiu)業轉移的傾(qing)向(xiang)。

國家(jia)統計局(ju)煙臺調查隊(dui)共對(dui)145戶(hu)(hu)農民家(jia)庭進行了調查，三季度(du)末145戶(hu)(hu)農民家(jia)庭住戶(hu)(hu)成員數402人，比(bi)去年同期增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)2戶(hu)(hu)，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)14人，其中勞動力324人，比(bi)去年同期增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)12人，同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)3.8%。

調查數(shu)(shu)據顯示，三(san)季度(du)本(ben)地(di)非農務(wu)工70人，非農自營23人，比去(qu)(qu)年(nian)同期分別下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)了13.6%和(he)11.5%。收入方面(mian)，本(ben)地(di)非農務(wu)工平均(jun)日工資為(wei)88.6元，與(yu)去(qu)(qu)年(nian)同期的(de)86.6元相比，上漲了2.3%。從產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)來看，三(san)季度(du)從事(shi)本(ben)地(di)非農活動的(de)勞動力中，從事(shi)第一(yi)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人數(shu)(shu)為(wei)0，31人從事(shi)第二產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，62人從事(shi)第三(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，與(yu)去(qu)(qu)年(nian)同期相比都(dou)有下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，從事(shi)第二產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人數(shu)(shu)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)幅度(du)相對較(jiao)大(da)，高達22.5%，。

外出就(jiu)業(ye)勞動(dong)力增(zeng)長較快，比去年同期增(zeng)加了17人，增(zeng)幅高達36.2%，主要(yao)集中(zhong)在第三產業(ye)，批零住餐等行業(ye)成為農村勞動(dong)力外出打零工的首選(xuan)。

今(jin)(jin)年三(san)季(ji)度(du)(du)，煙(yan)臺農民(min)工監測調查(cha)網點(dian)勞(lao)動力中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)務(wu)工的有(you)(you)(you)(you)62人(ren)(ren)(ren)，比(bi)(bi)去年同(tong)(tong)(tong)期(qi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了38.3%；外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)自營的有(you)(you)(you)(you)2人(ren)(ren)(ren)，比(bi)(bi)去年同(tong)(tong)(tong)期(qi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了100.0%。從(cong)收入(ru)來看(kan)(kan)(kan)，今(jin)(jin)年三(san)季(ji)度(du)(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)勞(lao)動者(zhe)人(ren)(ren)(ren)均收入(ru)9006元，與去年同(tong)(tong)(tong)期(qi)相比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)6.3%。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寄帶回家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)均6596元，占(zhan)73.2%，在外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)消費2198元，占(zhan)24.4%。從(cong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)從(cong)事(shi)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)來看(kan)(kan)(kan)，在三(san)季(ji)度(du)(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)務(wu)工的勞(lao)動力中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，從(cong)事(shi)第(di)(di)(di)一產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的為0，從(cong)事(shi)第(di)(di)(di)二產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的有(you)(you)(you)(you)33人(ren)(ren)(ren)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)22.2%；從(cong)事(shi)第(di)(di)(di)三(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的有(you)(you)(you)(you)34人(ren)(ren)(ren)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)70.0%。從(cong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)從(cong)業(ye)(ye)地區來看(kan)(kan)(kan)，三(san)季(ji)度(du)(du)所有(you)(you)(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)務(wu)工勞(lao)動者(zhe)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，省(sheng)內務(wu)工的有(you)(you)(you)(you)62人(ren)(ren)(ren)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)37.8%；省(sheng)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)務(wu)工有(you)(you)(you)(you)5人(ren)(ren)(ren)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)150.0%。

傳統的農(nong)(nong)村勞動力務(wu)工(gong)(gong)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)的問題(ti)依然明顯，主要表(biao)現在(zai)(zai)三(san)個(ge)方面：一(yi)是(shi)就業(ye)選擇缺乏彈性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)信(xin)息不(bu)(bu)對稱的情況下，農(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)很(hen)難選擇更適合自(zi)己的工(gong)(gong)作，導致收入增長速度過慢；二是(shi)職業(ye)技能缺乏，得不(bu)(bu)到有針對性(xing)的培訓；三(san)是(shi)城市公共服務(wu)水平的發(fa)(fa)展跟不(bu)(bu)上(shang)農(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)向城鎮縱深(shen)發(fa)(fa)展的速度，嚴重影響了市民化進程(cheng)。

政策建議：

（一）進一步(bu)完善農民工(gong)職業(ye)(ye)技能培(pei)訓體系，充(chong)分(fen)發揮政府(fu)、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和社會培(pei)訓機(ji)構在農民工(gong)職業(ye)(ye)技能培(pei)訓中的(de)(de)作(zuo)用，構建政府(fu)培(pei)訓組織機(ji)構——企(qi)業(ye)(ye)空間(jian)培(pei)訓機(ji)構——社會綜合(he)培(pei)訓機(ji)構三位一體的(de)(de)多(duo)元(yuan)化農民工(gong)職業(ye)(ye)技能培(pei)訓體系，為農民工(gong)提供更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)培(pei)訓機(ji)會。

（二）多部(bu)門聯合(he)提供就業(ye)(ye)(ye)信息，拓寬(kuan)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)途(tu)徑。各農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)相關部(bu)門建(jian)立起政府、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、職業(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)介(jie)機(ji)構與農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)相聯的(de)勞(lao)務(wu)電子商務(wu)平臺，招(zhao)工(gong)(gong)信息的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)布和農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)資料的(de)上傳(chuan)通過客(ke)戶端無障礙發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)布；鼓勵、引(yin)導和扶(fu)持經(jing)濟(ji)欠發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)達(da)地區(qu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮當地資源優勢，依托小(xiao)城鎮(zhen)，以創業(ye)(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)，積極支持農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)回鄉創業(ye)(ye)(ye)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)特色經(jing)濟(ji)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)化經(jing)營，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)容量大(da)的(de)工(gong)(gong)商服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，推(tui)動(dong)縣域(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。

（三）加快(kuai)完善覆(fu)蓋農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)的(de)社(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。健全(quan)覆(fu)蓋農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)的(de)社(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)體系是保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)合(he)法(fa)權益的(de)重要內(nei)容，有(you)利(li)于促進農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)在城鎮穩(wen)定(ding)就業、加快(kuai)市民(min)(min)(min)化進程(cheng)，有(you)利(li)于減少農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)的(de)后顧之憂。首先抓緊(jin)建立適合(he)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)特(te)點的(de)養老(lao)保(bao)(bao)險制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，國(guo)家提供一定(ding)的(de)財力支持(chi)，保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)老(lao)有(you)所依；其(qi)次健全(quan)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)醫(yi)療保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，解決(jue)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)看病難、看病貴問題；最后盡快(kuai)實現(xian)工(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)(bao)險對農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)的(de)全(quan)覆(fu)蓋，保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)在生產中的(de)人(ren)身安(an)全(quan)。