單位可以隨意約定勞動合同違約金嗎?
問 有(you)的單位為了(le)最(zui)大限度(du)的維護自身的利(li)益,選擇與勞動(dong)者隨意約(yue)(yue)定勞動(dong)合(he)同(tong)違約(yue)(yue)金(jin)。那從法律角度(du)來看(kan),到底(di)單位可以(yi)隨意約(yue)(yue)定勞動(dong)合(he)同(tong)違約(yue)(yue)金(jin)嗎?
答 首先如用(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)為勞動(dong)者提供(gong)專項培(pei)訓(xun)費(fei)用(yong),對其(qi)進行專業(ye)技術(shu)培(pei)訓(xun),雙方可(ke)(ke)以約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)服務(wu)期。如果勞動(dong)者違(wei)(wei)反(fan)服務(wu)期約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de),可(ke)(ke)按約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)單(dan)位(wei)支付(fu)違(wei)(wei)約(yue)(yue)(yue)金。但違(wei)(wei)約(yue)(yue)(yue)金數額(e)不得超過甲(jia)方提供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)訓(xun)費(fei)用(yong),并不得超過服務(wu)期尚未(wei)履行部分(fen)應分(fen)攤的(de)(de)(de)培(pei)訓(xun)費(fei)用(yong)。如勞動(dong)者掌握甲(jia)方的(de)(de)(de)商業(ye)秘密(mi)和與(yu)知(zhi)識產權相關的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)密(mi)事(shi)項,雙方可(ke)(ke)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)勞動(dong)者負有保(bao)(bao)密(mi)義務(wu),用(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)可(ke)(ke)與(yu)其(qi)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)競業(ye)限(xian)制,并約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)在解(jie)除或者終止本(ben)合同后,在競業(ye)限(xian)制期限(xian)內按月給(gei)予勞動(dong)者經濟補償(chang)。如果勞動(dong)者違(wei)(wei)反(fan)競業(ye)限(xian)制約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de),應當按照約(yue)(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)用(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)支付(fu)違(wei)(wei)約(yue)(yue)(yue)金。