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2014年春(chun)節(jie)過(guo)后(hou)，濟南市春(chun)風行動(dong)專場招聘會陸(lu)續開展(zhan)，返鄉(xiang)農民工陸(lu)續進(jin)入(ru)就(jiu)業的高峰期。從(cong)招聘會情況來看，節(jie)后(hou)農民工打工普遍選擇(ze)就(jiu)近或者在家門口(kou)擇(ze)業。主要有以下幾方面原因(yin)：

一是該市縣域經濟不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，當地(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)待遇(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)提高(gao)。隨著當地(di)(di)縣域經濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)提高(gao)薪(xin)酬待遇(yu)(yu)，改善工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境(jing)，滿足了(le)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)就(jiu)地(di)(di)務(wu)(wu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)生活的(de)(de)心理預(yu)期，越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)(de)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)更愿意留在家(jia)鄉(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。據商河縣反映，縣內規模較大(da)的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)如齊魯宏(hong)業(ye)(ye)紡織集團、力諾(nuo)新材(cai)料(liao)有限公司、力諾(nuo)玻璃制品廠(chang)等，當地(di)(di)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)到員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)總(zong)數的(de)(de)60%以上，是企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經營(ying)的(de)(de)有生力量。據章丘反映，當地(di)(di)交通(tong)便利，經濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)較快，特別是近(jin)幾(ji)年(nian)當地(di)(di)招商引資(zi)力度不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)加大(da)，一大(da)批實力雄厚的(de)(de)大(da)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)落戶(hu)，帶動了(le)一批相關(guan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，衍生了(le)大(da)批的(de)(de)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)崗位。經濟形勢(shi)好了(le)，用工(gong)(gong)(gong)需求(qiu)多了(le)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)待遇(yu)(yu)也水漲(zhang)船(chuan)高(gao)，這些變(bian)化使得本地(di)(di)務(wu)(wu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用外出務(wu)(wu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在家(jia)門(men)口就(jiu)能獲得較高(gao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)待遇(yu)(yu)，因此紛紛選擇返鄉(xiang)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)。

二是外(wai)地(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)作成(cheng)本(ben)高(gao)，難(nan)以(yi)融(rong)(rong)入(ru)(ru)當地(di)(di)生活(huo)(huo)，同(tong)時無法照顧(gu)(gu)家庭。據濟陽反映，許多農(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)在(zai)外(wai)地(di)(di)打工(gong)(gong)，很難(nan)融(rong)(rong)入(ru)(ru)當地(di)(di)生活(huo)(huo)，甚至還會受(shou)到(dao)(dao)歧視(shi)，享(xiang)受(shou)不到(dao)(dao)本(ben)地(di)(di)人(ren)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)優惠，使農(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)心(xin)理(li)產生不平衡感。外(wai)出務工(gong)(gong)雖然薪酬相對豐(feng)厚(hou)，但家里(li)的(de)老(lao)人(ren)和(he)孩子都(dou)得不到(dao)(dao)良好的(de)照顧(gu)(gu)，導致留守兒童出現心(xin)理(li)問題，老(lao)年人(ren)既要照顧(gu)(gu)孩子又要干農(nong)(nong)活(huo)(huo)，身(shen)體(ti)與心(xin)理(li)都(dou)承受(shou)著巨大的(de)壓(ya)力。家門口擇(ze)業(ye)能更方便農(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)照顧(gu)(gu)家庭，使孩子更健康地(di)(di)成(cheng)長，老(lao)人(ren)安(an)享(xiang)晚年，促(cu)進家庭和(he)睦。

三是企(qi)業(ye)(ye)用工(gong)需求增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，用工(gong)環境和勞動保(bao)(bao)障不(bu)斷(duan)提高，吸引農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)就近(jin)就業(ye)(ye)。據(ju)(ju)章丘(qiu)反(fan)(fan)映，當地不(bu)斷(duan)加(jia)(jia)大(da)社(she)會保(bao)(bao)障的(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)度(du)。用人單位(wei)招用農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)繳(jiao)納社(she)會保(bao)(bao)險(xian)，消除了農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)后顧之憂(you)。各級人力(li)(li)資源和社(she)會保(bao)(bao)障服務平臺和農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)綜(zong)合服務中(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)建設不(bu)斷(duan)加(jia)(jia)強。通過構建用工(gong)單位(wei)和農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)橋梁和紐帶，更好的(de)(de)(de)促進了農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)就近(jin)就業(ye)(ye)。據(ju)(ju)濟(ji)陽反(fan)(fan)映，隨(sui)著經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)持續發(fa)展，大(da)部(bu)分(fen)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)生產(chan)效(xiao)益逐(zhu)步提高，勞動力(li)(li)相對緊(jin)缺，許多企(qi)業(ye)(ye)上(shang)調薪(xin)酬標(biao)準，農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)收入(ru)整體水平上(shang)升。大(da)部(bu)分(fen)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)依法為員工(gong)繳(jiao)納保(bao)(bao)險(xian)，不(bu)少(shao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)還提供免費食宿(su)，節假日發(fa)放福(fu)利，正常休班(ban)，加(jia)(jia)班(ban)按(an)法律規定領取(qu)加(jia)(jia)班(ban)費，與外出(chu)務工(gong)相比(bi)，本地就業(ye)(ye)與外出(chu)打工(gong)之間的(de)(de)(de)收入(ru)差距不(bu)斷(duan)減小，這吸引了農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)在(zai)當地擇業(ye)(ye)。

四(si)是在(zai)當地創(chuang)業(ye)和(he)就(jiu)近打零(ling)工(gong)成為農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)就(jiu)業(ye)的(de)(de)重要就(jiu)業(ye)渠道(dao)。該市不斷加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)的(de)(de)技能(neng)培訓和(he)創(chuang)業(ye)扶持，使他(ta)們有了(le)一技之長，使農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)的(de)(de)創(chuang)業(ye)意愿不斷加(jia)強，農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)創(chuang)業(ye)人(ren)數不斷增(zeng)加(jia)，帶動就(jiu)業(ye)也(ye)相(xiang)應增(zeng)加(jia)。還(huan)有部分農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)選擇(ze)到該市市區(qu)打零(ling)工(gong)，雖然就(jiu)業(ye)崗(gang)位、薪金報酬不太穩定，但相(xiang)對自由，這也(ye)成為農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)家門(men)口擇(ze)業(ye)的(de)(de)重要渠道(dao)。以(yi)濟陽(yang)崔寨鎮(zhen)為例(li)，每(mei)天到濟南市區(qu)打零(ling)工(gong)的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)工(gong)可達2000人(ren)，占(zhan)外出務工(gong)人(ren)員的(de)(de)43%。