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2014年春節過后，濟南市春風行(xing)動專(zhuan)場招(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)會陸續(xu)開展，返鄉(xiang)農(nong)民工陸續(xu)進入就(jiu)業(ye)的高峰期。從招(zhao)(zhao)聘(pin)會情況(kuang)來看，節后農(nong)民工打工普遍選擇就(jiu)近(jin)或者(zhe)在家門口擇業(ye)。主要有以下幾方面原因：

一(yi)是該市(shi)縣(xian)(xian)域經濟不斷(duan)發展(zhan)，當(dang)地(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資待遇(yu)不斷(duan)提高。隨著當(dang)地(di)縣(xian)(xian)域經濟發展(zhan)，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)不斷(duan)提高薪(xin)酬待遇(yu)，改(gai)善工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作環境(jing)，滿足(zu)了農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)就地(di)務工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生活的(de)(de)(de)心理預期，越來越多的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)更愿意留(liu)在(zai)家鄉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。據商(shang)河縣(xian)(xian)反(fan)映(ying)，縣(xian)(xian)內規模較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)如齊魯宏業(ye)(ye)紡織(zhi)集團、力諾(nuo)新材(cai)料(liao)有限公(gong)司(si)、力諾(nuo)玻(bo)璃(li)制品廠等，當(dang)地(di)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)占(zhan)到員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)60%以(yi)上，是企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經營的(de)(de)(de)有生力量(liang)。據章丘反(fan)映(ying)，當(dang)地(di)交通便利，經濟發展(zhan)較(jiao)快(kuai)，特(te)別是近幾(ji)年當(dang)地(di)招商(shang)引(yin)資力度不斷(duan)加大(da)(da)(da)，一(yi)大(da)(da)(da)批實力雄厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)落戶，帶動了一(yi)批相關產業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，衍生了大(da)(da)(da)批的(de)(de)(de)就業(ye)(ye)崗(gang)位。經濟形勢(shi)好了，用工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需求多了，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資待遇(yu)也(ye)水漲船高，這些變化使(shi)得本(ben)地(di)務工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員不用外(wai)出務工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)家門口就能獲(huo)得較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資待遇(yu)，因(yin)此紛紛選擇返鄉就業(ye)(ye)。

二是外(wai)地(di)工作成(cheng)本高，難以融(rong)入當地(di)生活(huo)，同時無法照(zhao)顧(gu)(gu)家(jia)庭。據(ju)濟陽反(fan)映，許多農民工在外(wai)地(di)打工，很難融(rong)入當地(di)生活(huo)，甚(shen)至還(huan)會(hui)受到歧(qi)視，享受不到本地(di)人的(de)政策優惠，使農民工心理產生不平衡感。外(wai)出務工雖然薪酬相對豐厚，但(dan)家(jia)里的(de)老(lao)(lao)人和(he)孩子都(dou)得(de)不到良好的(de)照(zhao)顧(gu)(gu)，導致留守兒童(tong)出現(xian)心理問題，老(lao)(lao)年(nian)人既要(yao)照(zhao)顧(gu)(gu)孩子又要(yao)干農活(huo)，身體(ti)與心理都(dou)承(cheng)受著巨大的(de)壓(ya)力。家(jia)門(men)口擇業能(neng)更(geng)方(fang)便農民工照(zhao)顧(gu)(gu)家(jia)庭，使孩子更(geng)健康地(di)成(cheng)長，老(lao)(lao)人安享晚年(nian)，促(cu)進家(jia)庭和(he)睦。

三是企(qi)業(ye)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需求(qiu)增加，用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環境和(he)勞動(dong)保(bao)障不(bu)斷(duan)提高，吸引農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)就(jiu)近就(jiu)業(ye)。據章丘反(fan)映，當地(di)不(bu)斷(duan)加大(da)社會保(bao)障的(de)(de)力(li)度(du)。用(yong)人單位招(zhao)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)繳(jiao)納社會保(bao)險(xian)，消除了農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)后(hou)顧之憂。各級人力(li)資源和(he)社會保(bao)障服務平臺(tai)和(he)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)綜合服務中心的(de)(de)建設不(bu)斷(duan)加強。通過構(gou)建用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位和(he)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)橋(qiao)梁(liang)和(he)紐帶，更(geng)好的(de)(de)促進了農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)就(jiu)近就(jiu)業(ye)。據濟(ji)陽反(fan)映，隨著經濟(ji)的(de)(de)持續發展，大(da)部分(fen)企(qi)業(ye)生產效益逐步(bu)提高，勞動(dong)力(li)相對緊缺，許(xu)多企(qi)業(ye)上(shang)調薪酬標準，農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)收入整體水平上(shang)升。大(da)部分(fen)企(qi)業(ye)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)為員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)繳(jiao)納保(bao)險(xian)，不(bu)少企(qi)業(ye)還提供免(mian)費食宿，節假(jia)日發放福利，正(zheng)常(chang)休班(ban)，加班(ban)按法(fa)(fa)律規定領取加班(ban)費，與(yu)(yu)外出務工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)相比，本地(di)就(jiu)業(ye)與(yu)(yu)外出打(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之間的(de)(de)收入差(cha)距不(bu)斷(duan)減小，這吸引了農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在當地(di)擇業(ye)。

四是(shi)在當(dang)地創(chuang)業和(he)就(jiu)近打(da)零(ling)工(gong)成為(wei)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)就(jiu)業的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)就(jiu)業渠道。該市不斷加(jia)強(qiang)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)的(de)(de)技(ji)能(neng)培訓(xun)和(he)創(chuang)業扶(fu)持，使(shi)他們有了一技(ji)之長，使(shi)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)的(de)(de)創(chuang)業意愿不斷加(jia)強(qiang)，農(nong)民(min)創(chuang)業人(ren)數不斷增加(jia)，帶動就(jiu)業也相應增加(jia)。還(huan)有部分農(nong)民(min)工(gong)選(xuan)擇到該市市區打(da)零(ling)工(gong)，雖然(ran)就(jiu)業崗位(wei)、薪金報酬不太(tai)穩定，但相對自由，這也成為(wei)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)家門口擇業的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)渠道。以(yi)濟陽崔寨鎮為(wei)例(li)，每天(tian)到濟南(nan)市區打(da)零(ling)工(gong)的(de)(de)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)可達2000人(ren)，占外出務工(gong)人(ren)員的(de)(de)43%。