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2014年春(chun)節(jie)過后，濟南市春(chun)風(feng)行動專場招聘會陸(lu)續開(kai)展，返鄉農(nong)民工陸(lu)續進入就(jiu)業的高峰期。從招聘會情況來看，節(jie)后農(nong)民工打工普遍選擇(ze)就(jiu)近或者在(zai)家門口擇(ze)業。主要有以下幾方面原(yuan)因：

一(yi)是該市縣域(yu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)發展，當地(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)待遇(yu)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)提高。隨著當地(di)縣域(yu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發展，企業(ye)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)提高薪(xin)酬待遇(yu)，改(gai)善工(gong)(gong)(gong)作環境，滿足了(le)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)對就(jiu)地(di)務工(gong)(gong)(gong)生活的(de)(de)(de)心理預期，越來越多的(de)(de)(de)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)更愿意留在(zai)家鄉(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。據商河縣反(fan)映，縣內規模較大的(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)如齊魯宏(hong)業(ye)紡織(zhi)集(ji)團(tuan)、力(li)(li)諾(nuo)新材料有(you)限(xian)公司、力(li)(li)諾(nuo)玻璃制品廠等，當地(di)農民工(gong)(gong)(gong)占到員工(gong)(gong)(gong)總數的(de)(de)(de)60%以(yi)上，是企業(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營的(de)(de)(de)有(you)生力(li)(li)量。據章丘反(fan)映，當地(di)交(jiao)通便利，經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發展較快，特別是近幾年(nian)當地(di)招商引資(zi)力(li)(li)度不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)加大，一(yi)大批(pi)(pi)(pi)實力(li)(li)雄(xiong)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)大企業(ye)落戶，帶動了(le)一(yi)批(pi)(pi)(pi)相關產業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展，衍生了(le)大批(pi)(pi)(pi)的(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)業(ye)崗位。經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)形勢好了(le)，用工(gong)(gong)(gong)需求多了(le)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)待遇(yu)也水漲(zhang)船(chuan)高，這(zhe)些變化(hua)使得本地(di)務工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員不(bu)(bu)用外出(chu)務工(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)家門口就(jiu)能獲得較高的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)待遇(yu)，因此紛(fen)紛(fen)選擇返鄉(xiang)就(jiu)業(ye)。

二是外(wai)地(di)工(gong)作成本(ben)高，難(nan)以(yi)融(rong)入當地(di)生活(huo)，同時(shi)無(wu)法照顧(gu)(gu)家庭。據濟陽反映(ying)，許多農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)在外(wai)地(di)打工(gong)，很難(nan)融(rong)入當地(di)生活(huo)，甚至還會受到(dao)歧視，享(xiang)受不(bu)(bu)到(dao)本(ben)地(di)人的(de)(de)政策優惠，使農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)心(xin)理產生不(bu)(bu)平衡感。外(wai)出(chu)(chu)務(wu)工(gong)雖(sui)然薪酬(chou)相(xiang)對豐厚(hou)，但家里的(de)(de)老(lao)人和孩(hai)子都(dou)得不(bu)(bu)到(dao)良好(hao)的(de)(de)照顧(gu)(gu)，導致(zhi)留守(shou)兒童出(chu)(chu)現心(xin)理問題，老(lao)年人既要照顧(gu)(gu)孩(hai)子又要干(gan)農(nong)活(huo)，身體與心(xin)理都(dou)承受著巨大的(de)(de)壓(ya)力。家門(men)口擇業能更方便農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)照顧(gu)(gu)家庭，使孩(hai)子更健(jian)康(kang)地(di)成長，老(lao)人安(an)享(xiang)晚年，促進(jin)家庭和睦。

三是企(qi)業(ye)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)需求增(zeng)加(jia)，用工(gong)(gong)(gong)環境和(he)勞動保障不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提高，吸引農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)就近就業(ye)。據(ju)章丘(qiu)反(fan)映(ying)，當(dang)地不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)加(jia)大社(she)(she)會(hui)保障的(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)度。用人(ren)單(dan)位招用農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)繳納社(she)(she)會(hui)保險，消除了農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)后顧之(zhi)憂。各級人(ren)力(li)(li)資源(yuan)和(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)保障服務(wu)平(ping)臺(tai)和(he)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)綜合服務(wu)中心的(de)(de)(de)建設不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)加(jia)強。通過構建用工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位和(he)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)橋(qiao)梁和(he)紐帶，更好的(de)(de)(de)促進了農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)就近就業(ye)。據(ju)濟陽(yang)反(fan)映(ying)，隨著經濟的(de)(de)(de)持續發(fa)展，大部分(fen)企(qi)業(ye)生產效益(yi)逐步提高，勞動力(li)(li)相對緊缺(que)，許多企(qi)業(ye)上調薪酬標準，農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)收入整(zheng)體水平(ping)上升。大部分(fen)企(qi)業(ye)依(yi)法為員工(gong)(gong)(gong)繳納保險，不(bu)(bu)少企(qi)業(ye)還提供免(mian)費食宿，節假日發(fa)放福利，正常休班，加(jia)班按法律規定領(ling)取加(jia)班費，與(yu)外出務(wu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)相比，本地就業(ye)與(yu)外出打工(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)收入差距不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)減小，這(zhe)吸引了農民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)當(dang)地擇業(ye)。

四是在當地創業(ye)(ye)和(he)就近打(da)零(ling)工(gong)(gong)成為農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)就業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)重要(yao)就業(ye)(ye)渠道。該(gai)市(shi)不(bu)斷加(jia)強農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)技能培訓和(he)創業(ye)(ye)扶持，使他們有了一技之長，使農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)創業(ye)(ye)意(yi)愿(yuan)不(bu)斷加(jia)強，農(nong)民(min)(min)創業(ye)(ye)人(ren)數不(bu)斷增(zeng)加(jia)，帶動就業(ye)(ye)也相應(ying)增(zeng)加(jia)。還(huan)有部分(fen)農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)選擇到該(gai)市(shi)市(shi)區打(da)零(ling)工(gong)(gong)，雖然就業(ye)(ye)崗位、薪金報(bao)酬不(bu)太穩定(ding)，但相對自由，這也成為農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)家門口(kou)擇業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)重要(yao)渠道。以濟(ji)陽崔寨鎮為例，每(mei)天到濟(ji)南市(shi)區打(da)零(ling)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)可達2000人(ren)，占外出務工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)43%。