“送外賣挺辛苦的,每到飯點,送單量大,需要趕時間。尤其是遇到惡劣天氣,送單路上風險可不小!”山東省濰坊市濰城區外賣配送員滕津東告訴記者,他從事外賣行業兩年了。
和大多(duo)數網約配送員(yuan)一樣,工(gong)(gong)作自(zi)由靈活、收(shou)入可觀,這(zhe)讓滕津東選擇(ze)成為一名騎手,但(dan)他表示(shi),能夠安心、穩定地(di)干好這(zhe)一行,離不(bu)開濰坊市(shi)靈活就業人員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)險政策保(bao)障。
完善政策擴大工傷保障范圍
隨著用(yong)工方(fang)式越來(lai)越多樣(yang)化,在傳統勞動(dong)關系用(yong)工范(fan)疇之外(wai),出(chu)現了大量靈活就業人員。這部(bu)分勞動(dong)者沒有固定的用(yong)人單位(wei)(wei),其與用(yong)人單位(wei)(wei)間未簽訂勞動(dong)合同(tong),也無法享受工傷(shang)保(bao)險權益(yi)。
對此,濰(wei)坊(fang)市(shi)人(ren)社(she)部門敢于(yu)創新,勇(yong)于(yu)實(shi)踐,將靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)納入工(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)險體系,積極保(bao)障患(huan)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)病(bing)或(huo)因工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)遭受(shou)事故傷害的靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)獲得醫療救治、經濟補(bu)償和職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)康復的權利(li)。濰(wei)坊(fang)市(shi)陸(lu)續出臺了《關于(yu)靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)參加工(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)險的通知》《濰(wei)坊(fang)市(shi)靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)傷認(ren)(ren)定(ding)暫行辦法》,對靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)申請(qing)工(gong)(gong)傷認(ren)(ren)定(ding)的期限、需要提交的材料、工(gong)(gong)傷認(ren)(ren)定(ding)程序等做出了明(ming)確規(gui)定(ding)。
“在濰(wei)坊,網(wang)約配(pei)送(song)員(yuan)(yuan)、網(wang)約車司(si)機等靈(ling)(ling)活就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)群體都可(ke)以作為靈(ling)(ling)活就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)參加工傷(shang)保險。”濰(wei)坊市(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)社局工傷(shang)保險科工作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)表示,凡(fan)在濰(wei)坊市(shi)各級勞(lao)動保障事務代理(li)(li)(li)中心、人(ren)(ren)(ren)才交流中心等勞(lao)動人(ren)(ren)(ren)事事務代理(li)(li)(li)機構,以個人(ren)(ren)(ren)身份(fen)代理(li)(li)(li)勞(lao)動關(guan)系的各類靈(ling)(ling)活就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan),均須參加工傷(shang)保險,并(bing)由勞(lao)動人(ren)(ren)(ren)事事務代理(li)(li)(li)機構辦理(li)(li)(li)參保手(shou)續。
這(zhe)一政策的(de)(de)實施,擴(kuo)大了工(gong)傷保(bao)險的(de)(de)覆蓋面(mian),保(bao)障(zhang)了靈(ling)活就業人(ren)(ren)2員工(gong)傷保(bao)險權益,受(shou)到(dao)了靈(ling)活就業人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)廣泛歡迎(ying)。滕津(jin)東(dong)告(gao)訴記(ji)者(zhe),這(zhe)份(fen)保(bao)障(zhang)讓(rang)他(ta)在接(jie)單送單時心(xin)里很(hen)踏實。
試點探索提升工傷保障水平
早在2015年(nian)10月,濰(wei)(wei)坊(fang)市(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)啟(qi)動(dong)了(le)補充(chong)工(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)試(shi)點(dian)工(gong)作,濰(wei)(wei)坊(fang)市(shi)區、行政區的靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業人員(yuan)(yuan)可參加(jia)補充(chong)工(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。隨著(zhu)試(shi)點(dian)探索的推進(jin),目前,濰(wei)(wei)坊(fang)市(shi)確定靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業人員(yuan)(yuan)繳(jiao)(jiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)費(fei)(fei)(fei)率參照四類行業基(ji)準費(fei)(fei)(fei)率,按繳(jiao)(jiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)工(gong)資(zi)基(ji)數(shu)的0.9%收(shou)(shou)取,納(na)入工(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)基(ji)金統籌管(guan)理。靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業人員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)費(fei)(fei)(fei)與職工(gong)基(ji)本(ben)養老(lao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)費(fei)(fei)(fei)、基(ji)本(ben)醫療保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)費(fei)(fei)(fei)同(tong)步繳(jiao)(jiao)納(na),一票征收(shou)(shou)。同(tong)時,濰(wei)(wei)坊(fang)市(shi)將靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業人員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)納(na)入了(le)社(she)保(bao)(bao)(bao)降(jiang)(jiang)費(fei)(fei)(fei)政策(ce)范疇(chou),以現(xian)行費(fei)(fei)(fei)率為基(ji)礎下調(diao)50%,該降(jiang)(jiang)費(fei)(fei)(fei)政策(ce)延長執行至021年(nian)4月30日,確保(bao)(bao)(bao)惠及更多靈(ling)活(huo)就(jiu)(jiu)業群體。
“在(zai)(zai)工傷認(ren)定(ding)和(he)勞動能(neng)力鑒定(ding)方面,參保繳(jiao)費的靈活(huo)就(jiu)業人(ren)員與單(dan)位職(zhi)工執行的政策、標(biao)準(zhun)和(he)流程基本相同(tong)。靈活(huo)就(jiu)業人(ren)員工傷認(ren)定(ding)與普(pu)通工傷認(ren)定(ding)申請(qing)(qing)唯一不(bu)同(tong)之處在(zai)(zai)于,《工傷認(ren)定(ding)申請(qing)(qing)表》中用人(ren)單(dan)位意見欄(lan)內需勞動(人(ren)事)代理機構確認(ren)蓋章。”濰坊(fang)市人(ren)社局工傷保險科負責人(ren)說(shuo)。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)待(dai)(dai)遇享(xiang)受(shou)方面,總體而言,靈活就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)與(yu)單(dan)位職工(gong)享(xiang)受(shou)相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)待(dai)(dai)遇政策和(he)標準。特殊(shu)之處在(zai)(zai)(zai)于,由于靈活就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)沒(mei)有固定的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)人單(dan)位,按照(zhao)《工(gong)傷保險條例(li)》規(gui)定應由用(yong)人單(dan)位支付的(de)(de)(de)待(dai)(dai)遇,比(bi)如從(cong)事故發(fa)生之日起超(chao)過(guo)30天(tian)、一(yi)年內提(ti)起工(gong)傷認定申(shen)請的(de)(de)(de),在(zai)(zai)(zai)此期間發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)符合規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)傷待(dai)(dai)遇有關費(fei)用(yong),由靈活就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)自己承擔;同(tong)時,由于靈活就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)不存在(zai)(zai)(zai)解除勞(lao)動(dong)關系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti),不享(xiang)受(shou)《工(gong)傷保險條例(li)》中(zhong)五級至十級傷殘(can)(can)職工(gong)與(yu)用(yong)人單(dan)位解除勞(lao)動(dong)關系(xi)時享(xiang)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)次性(xing)工(gong)傷醫療補助金和(he)一(yi)次性(xing)傷殘(can)(can)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)補助金。
記者了解到(dao),網(wang)約車司機小(xiao)王在接乘客途中發生(sheng)交通(tong)事故(gu),經醫院搶救無效不幸死亡。濰坊市人社部門在受(shou)理小(xiao)王妻子提(ti)出(chu)的(de)工傷認定申請后(hou),迅速根(gen)據提(ti)交的(de)材料調(diao)查核(he)實小(xiao)王受(shou)到(dao)的(de)事故(gu)傷害(hai),并予以工傷認定。小(xiao)王的(de)妻子領(ling)取了喪(sang)葬(zang)補助金(jin)、一次(ci)性工亡補助金(jin),并按月(yue)領(ling)取了供養親屬(shu)撫恤金(jin)。
“家(jia)里的支(zhi)柱一下(xia)子倒了,全家(jia)人受到了嚴重打擊,還(huan)好有(you)這筆補助金和撫恤(xu)金,能為家(jia)里減輕(qing)些負擔,保證家(jia)里人日常生(sheng)活開支(zhi)。”小王的妻(qi)子說。
經過多(duo)年的探(tan)索,濰坊市靈(ling)活就(jiu)業人(ren)員(yuan)工(gong)傷保險工(gong)作積(ji)累(lei)了寶貴的實踐經驗,但這(zhe)項(xiang)工(gong)作仍然缺乏在法律層面和(he)頂(ding)層設計層面的引導與支(zhi)持,在實踐中(zhong)也(ye)遇到了靈(ling)活就(jiu)業人(ren)員(yuan)界定(ding)不清晰(xi)、管理難度較大等(deng)問題(ti),仍需進一步探(tan)索完善。
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